Irish phrases for a Post Card (Mainly Junior Cert)

I was doing up some postcard notes for a 6th class pupil I do grinds with however they would be useful for Junior cert too so thought i would put them up here! Some phrases may even be hepful with for Leaving cert so here you go!

I have more complicated sentences I can put up which would actually be more useful for HL Junior cert or leaving cert. If anyone is interested in them I can type them up for you? These are just very basic sentences that I have here as it was for a 6th class pupil doing a scholarship exam!

Cárta phoist – Postcard

Conas atá tú – how are you?

Tá mé ar fheabhas – i am great

Tá mé ar mo laethanta saoirse i _____ - i am on my holidays in _____

Conas atá do chlann? – How is your family

Tá bórn orm nach scríobh mé le fada – i am sorry i havent written in a while

Bhí áthas orm do litir a fháil – i was happy to get your letter

An Áit – The place

Tá mé i ______ - I am in _____

Is áit álainn é – it is a lovely place

Tá a lán le déanamh – there is a lot to do

Tá a lán siopaí agus bialanna – there are a lot of shops and restaurants

Tá an trá go hiontach – the beach is great

 

Cá bhfuil tú ag fanacht? – where are you staying?

Tá mé ag fanacht in óstán – I am staying in a hotel

Tá mé ag fanacht in árasán – i am staying in an apartment

Tá mé ag campáil – i am camping

Tá an seomra an deas – the room is really nice

Tá mé ag fanacht i dteach mo chara – i am staying in my friends house

Tá an óstán in aice leis an trá – the hotel is beside the beach

Tá an óstán an-mhór – the hotel is very big

 

Cé atá leat? – who is with you?

Tá mo chairde liom – I with my friends

Tá mo mham liom – I am with my mam

Tá mo theaghlach/chlann liom – i am with my family 

An Aimsir  - The weather

Bhí an ghrian ag taitneamh inné  - The sun was shining yesterday

Tá an ghrian ag taithneamh go hard sa spéir  - the sun is shining high in the sky

Tá sé te – it is hot

Tá dath gréine agam – I have a sun tan

Tá an teocht ard inniu  - the temperature is high today

Tá mé cosúil le tráta – I look like a tomato

Níl aon scamall sa spéir  - there are no clouds in the sky

Tá sé ró-the – it is too hot

Tá an aimsir go hálainn  - the weather is lovely

Tá an aimsir go dona  - the weather is bad

Tá sé ag cur báistí  - it is raining

Tá sé ag stealladh báistí – it is lashing rain

Tá sé fliuch – it is wet

Tá sé fuar – it is cold

Tá sé ag cur sneachta – it is snowing

Tá sé ceomhar  - it is foggy

Bhí mé fliuch go craiceann  - I was soaked to the skin

 

Bia – Food

Tá an bia go hálainn – the food is lovely

Tá an bia uafásach – the food is horrible

Ithim i mbialann gach oíche – i eat in a restaurant every night

Tá sé an-bhlasta – it is very tasty

Is aoibheann liom ____ – i really like _____

Ag dul abhaile? Going home?

Beidh mé ag dul abhaile i dhá seachtain – I will be going home in two weeks

Beidh mé ag filleadh abhaile amárach – I will be returning home tomorrow

Tá mé anseo ar feadh cúig lá – I am here for 5 days

Feichfidh mé thú an seachtain seo chuigeann – i will see you next week

Cad atá tú ag déanamh? What are you doing?

Chuaigh mé ag siopadóireacht inné – i went shopping inné

Cheannaigh mé bronnantas duit - i bought you a present

Rachaidh mé go dtí an trá amárach – i will go to the beach tomorrow

Thug mé cuairt ar ____ - i visited _____

Bíonn mé ag snámh gach lá – i swim everyday

Is maith liom an linn snámha – i like the swimming pool 

Na daoine – The people

Tá na daoine an-chairdiúl – the people are very friendly

Tá a lán cairde nua agam – I have a lot of new friends

____ is ainm di - ____ is her name.

Tá sí ina cónaí i _______ - she lives in ______

Links to all my posts by subject

I decided to make a sort of contents page here with all the links to my previous posts to save you the time having to scroll through everything wondering if i have posted anything about whatever the topic you are looking for is!
I have divided them up by subject for the purpose of this post, not in the order they are on my blog. I will update this as i post more material!

My posts

http://leaving-cert-helpnotes.blogspot.ie/2013/04/im-back-next-few-posts.html

http://leaving-cert-helpnotes.blogspot.ie/2013/04/posting-notes-on-this-blog-helping.html

http://leaving-cert-helpnotes.blogspot.ie/2013/01/hi-everyone.html

http://leaving-cert-helpnotes.blogspot.ie/2012/06/welcome-to-my-leaving-cert-help-notes.html

Useful Links

http://leaving-cert-helpnotes.blogspot.ie/2013/01/studying-tips.html

http://leaving-cert-helpnotes.blogspot.ie/2013/04/helpful-website-links.html

http://leaving-cert-helpnotes.blogspot.ie/2013/01/stop-internet-distractions-when-studying.html

http://leaving-cert-helpnotes.blogspot.ie/2012/06/helpful-links-for-leaving-cert-notes.html

English 

http://leaving-cert-helpnotes.blogspot.ie/2012/06/english-comparitive-essay-relationships.html

http://leaving-cert-helpnotes.blogspot.ie/2012/06/leaving-cert-english-poetry-robert.html

Irish

http://leaving-cert-helpnotes.blogspot.ie/2014/06/an-triail-summary-in-english.html

http://leaving-cert-helpnotes.blogspot.ie/2014/04/aiste-todhchai-na-gaeilge.html

http://leaving-cert-helpnotes.blogspot.ie/2014/04/aiste-timpeallacht.html

http://leaving-cert-helpnotes.blogspot.ie/2014/04/hl-irish-essay-imirce-diospoireacht.html

http://leaving-cert-helpnotes.blogspot.ie/2014/04/irish-essay-phrases.html

http://leaving-cert-helpnotes.blogspot.ie/2014/04/hl-irish-essay-coiriulacht.html

http://leaving-cert-helpnotes.blogspot.ie/2013/04/irish-grammar-aidiocht-sheallbhach.html

http://leaving-cert-helpnotes.blogspot.ie/2013/04/irish-grammar-forainm-reamhfhocalach-eg.html

http://leaving-cert-helpnotes.blogspot.ie/2013/04/irish-grammar-reamhfhocal-shimpli-eg-i.html

http://leaving-cert-helpnotes.blogspot.ie/2013/01/iregular-irish-verbs.html

http://leaving-cert-helpnotes.blogspot.ie/2012/08/irish-regular-verbs.html

http://leaving-cert-helpnotes.blogspot.ie/2012/06/irish-essay-hl-old-and-new-in-ireland.html

http://leaving-cert-helpnotes.blogspot.ie/2012/06/irish-hl-sample-triail-answer.html

http://leaving-cert-helpnotes.blogspot.ie/2012/06/irish-higher-level-sample-essay-poverty.html

Maths

http://leaving-cert-helpnotes.blogspot.ie/2014/02/differentiation-what-is-it.html

Biology

http://leaving-cert-helpnotes.blogspot.ie/2014/06/biology-revision-quesions-with-answers.html

http://leaving-cert-helpnotes.blogspot.ie/2014/06/biology-revision-questions-with-answers_18.html

http://leaving-cert-helpnotes.blogspot.ie/2014/06/biology-revision-questions-with-answers.html

http://leaving-cert-helpnotes.blogspot.ie/2014/06/biology-revision-questions.html

Music

http://leaving-cert-helpnotes.blogspot.ie/2012/06/music-notes-gerald-barry.html

http://leaving-cert-helpnotes.blogspot.ie/2012/06/music-notes-bachs-cantata.html

http://leaving-cert-helpnotes.blogspot.ie/2012/06/leaving-cert-irish-traditional-music.html

History 

http://leaving-cert-helpnotes.blogspot.ie/2013/01/history-1916-rising-essay.html

http://leaving-cert-helpnotes.blogspot.ie/2013/01/history-essay-civil-right-america-1945.html

http://leaving-cert-helpnotes.blogspot.ie/2012/07/history-essay-winston-churchill.html

http://leaving-cert-helpnotes.blogspot.ie/2012/06/history-essay-dictators-power.html

Geography

http://leaving-cert-helpnotes.blogspot.ie/2014/09/the-dublin-region-physical-geography.html

http://leaving-cert-helpnotes.blogspot.ie/2014/09/regional-geography-irish-core-region.html

http://leaving-cert-helpnotes.blogspot.ie/2014/09/regional-geography-human-geography-of.html

http://leaving-cert-helpnotes.blogspot.ie/2014/09/regional-gepgraphy-tertiary-economic.html

http://leaving-cert-helpnotes.blogspot.ie/2014/09/regional-geography-secondary-economic.html

http://leaving-cert-helpnotes.blogspot.ie/2014/09/regional-geography-primary-economic.html

http://leaving-cert-helpnotes.blogspot.ie/2014/09/regional-geography-western-region.html

http://leaving-cert-helpnotes.blogspot.ie/2014/09/leaving-cert-regional-geography.html

Home Economics

http://leaving-cert-helpnotes.blogspot.ie/2014/09/home-ec-vitamins-and-minerals-vitamin-c.html

http://leaving-cert-helpnotes.blogspot.ie/2014/09/home-economics-minerals.html

http://leaving-cert-helpnotes.blogspot.ie/2014/09/home-economics-b-group-vitamins.html

http://leaving-cert-helpnotes.blogspot.ie/2014/09/home-economic-fat-soluable-vitamins.html

http://leaving-cert-helpnotes.blogspot.ie/2014/02/home-ec-notes-carbohydrates.html

http://leaving-cert-helpnotes.blogspot.ie/2014/02/home-ec-protein-notes.html

http://leaving-cert-helpnotes.blogspot.ie/2013/08/home-ec-protein.html

http://leaving-cert-helpnotes.blogspot.ie/2013/08/home-economics-factors-that-affect-food.html

The Dublin Region - Physical Geography & Primary Economic Activities

In this I will write first about physical Geography of the Dublin Region before talking about the primary economic activities as the physical landscape will affect the activities. The primary activities i will talk about are Fishing and Farming. If asked for one primary economic activity i would recommend discussing agriculture and only include the fishing is asked for more than one activity.


Physical Geography

Topography:

• Mainly flat or undulating 
• very flat coast line to the north, rises to the south 
• rises in the south to form the Dublin Mountains

Drainage:

• region is well drained by the west-to-east flowing Liffey
• Other rivers include the Tolka and the Dodder

Soil:

• Brown Earths dominate the region. This fertile soils was laid down over thousands of years due to the decay of deciduous leaves
• Alluvial soils have been laid down close to the rivers such as the Liffey and Tolka - very fertile
•  There are poorly formed podzol and peaty soils found to the south of the region where there is higher rainfall and cooler temperatures due to alltitude

Climate:

• Precipitation: lowlands 800mm pa, uplands 1600mm pa

• temperature: (mild due to altitude and coastal position) winter - 5-6 degrees, summer - 16 degrees. The winter in the Dublin Mountains would be slightly more severe due to altitude

• Sunshine: 4 hours per day - higher than most of the country 

• growth rate - 270 days (temperature above 6 degrees) to the North of the country. 

The combination of the above physical factors leads to the development of specific primary, secondary and tertiary economic activities.

Primary Economic Activities

As the Dublin region is a core region few people are involved in this economic sector. There is little mining and some forestry. The fishing industry is struggling and agriculture is under threat from urban sprawl.

Agriculture

Although few people are employed in agriculture in the Dublin Region, it is still a very important primary economic activity. Two key factors that have affected the development of agriculture are the region's landscape and climate.


The first factor that has affected agriculture in the Dublin region is landscape. The North of the region has a flat or undulating topography. Brown earths dominate the region which are deep and fertile. The good soil and flat land is good for tillage farming. AS a result of this there is a lot of wheat and barley grown. There is also a lot of market gardening, with crops such as potatoes, carrots, onions and cabbages.

The north of the region also has some dairy farming, producing milk as well as cheese, yogurt and other dairy products. The south of the region has the Dublin mountains. As such it is bad for tillage farming. Pasteurial farming of sheep and some dry beef stock is the main agricultural activity in the south of the region.


The second factor that has influenced agriculture in the Dublin region is climate. The Dublin region has an average temperature of 5-6 degrees in winter and 16 degrees in summer. Becasue of its coastal location, it does not get very cold or very hot. This makes it ideal for crop growing as soil needs to be 4 degrees for seeds to grow. AS such there is a lot of tillage farming in the region. The winter temperatures in the Dublin mountains however are slightly more severe than the lowlands. There is approximately 800mm of rain each year in the lowlands of the region. This is perfect for tillage farming. The uplands have about 1600mm each year. This is a bit much for crop growth so the uplands are mainly used for pasteurial farming.

Fishing

The fishing industry in the Dublin region has been in serious decline for the last number of years. Many fish species have been fished to almost exhaustion in the Irish sea. This is being done by both Irish fishermen and foreign boats from country's such as Britain and Spain. Strict quotas have been put in place that limit the amount of fish that can be caught each year in the Irish Sea. Many fishermen have reached these quotas in just 3-4 short months and many are finding that they cannot make a tear-round living from fishing alone. Many fishermen are forced to find part time employment on land or are forced out of the industry altogether.

The two main fishing ports in the region, Howth and Skerries, account for only 3% of Ireland's yearly catch. Fishing in the Dublin region, as an industry, probably has very little future, especially since there is little opportunity for aquaculture. Unlike the West of Ireland, the Dublin region has few suitable locations for fish farms due to busy shipping lanes and a less indented coastline.




If question says ACTIVITY use agriculture, if it says ACTIVITIES shorten agriculture and add in fishing.

Regional Geography: An Irish Core Region - The Dublin Region

For Regional Geography you have to study an Irish Core regional and for this I have done the Dublin Region.

The above map shows the Dublin region on a map of Ireland (ignore the fact that some of it is darker green than the rest)

Here is a map I drew of the Dublin Region, sorry for the bad quality!

 

Regional Geography - Human Geography of the Western Region

Human Geography of the Western Region 

The Western Region has traditionally been a pole repulsif region. This means that there are more push factors rather than pull factors that drive the population away. Generally, it is younger people who migrate in search of employment opportunities and a better social life. This leaves behind an older, more traditional, workforce who tend to be less innovated. As a result the west of Ireland has a higher dependency ratio than any other part of Ireland. This means that the region has a higher percentage of people who are in the 65+ age bracket.

Aside from being pole repulsif, the region also has a low population density, with only 10% of the country's population, despite having over 20% of the land. The distribution of this population is also unbalanced as it is mainly focused on Galway city. In recent years the regions overall population has increased but rural depopulation has also increased. Almost 400,000 people now live in the Western Region.

Rural depopulation is resulting in the destruction of small rural communities. The cycle of rural depopulation can lead to a reduction in the provision of educational, medical and transport services. The National Development Plan (NDP) set up the LEADER programme. This programme attempts to generate employment in rural areas, to prevent further depopulation. The NDP also set up the Western Development Commission which attempts to promote the region's culture. The most likely way to reduce the problem of out-migration seems to be the development of a strong tourist sector, as tourism is a labour-intensive industry.

Regional Gepgraphy - Tertiary Economic Activities in the Western Region

Tertiary Economic Activities in the Western Region

Western Region 

Tertiary activities - Transport and Tourism 

If the question asks for one tertiary activity, write about tourism. If the question asks for two shorten the below answer on tourism and add in information about transport which can be found in the previous post on secondary economic activities.

Tourism 

The Western region is one of the most attractive tourist regions in Ireland. It has the landscape, activities, food and drink and culture to keep both Irish and international tourists content. 

One of the more interesting aspects on offer is a form of religious tourism. Every year tourists flock to Croagh Patrick for the July Pilgrimage. This involves climbing bare-footed up the scree covered slopes of the Mayo mountain. This unusual event draws tourist to Westport which benefits greatly from the one million tourists who climb the mountain each year. These tourists require food and drink, entertainment and accommodation in local restaurants, bars and hotels. 

Tourists also visit the Marian Shrine in Knock where the Virgin Mary is said to have appeared in the 1800s. Various shops and businesses have grown up in the area to cater fort the passing tourists. Many of the West's 2.5 million tourists each year visit Croagh Patrick and Knock as well as some of the more note worthy religious buildings such as Kylemore Abbey and Galway Cathedral.

A second reason why tourists visit the Western Region is because of the various sporting activities such as hill walking, fishing and adventure racing. Official walking routes have been established such as the Western Way and the Croagh Patrick Heritage Trail, a 60km walking route around Clew Bay. Adventure racing is a hugely popular and growing tourist attraction. Gaelforce West has become an annual event with over 2500 athletes running, cycling, climbing and kayaking from Galway to Mayo. Westport, the base for this race, is entirely booked out on the second last week of every August. 

In Roscommon there are an abundance of fishing locations especially along the River Shannon and in lakes like Lough Allen and Lough Rea. Fishermen can hire boats and fishing equipment and sail north or south alone our longest river. Galway city also has a wealth of tourist attractions. Aside from the Galway Races there is soccer in Terryland Park and Gaelic games in Pierce Stadium.

Regional Geography - Secondary Economic Activities in the Western Region

Secondary Economic Activities in the Western Region

The basis for a strong secondary or manufacturing sector is the strength of the primary sector. It is also based on the location of the region, its landscape and its population.

The manufacturing sector is poorly developed in the western region, in comparison to much of the rest of the country.


One reason for this is the Western regions workforce. The western region has a smaller pool of skilled workers than much of the rest of the country. In part this has to do with the regions smaller population as less than 10% of the country's population live in the west. In addition there are fewer third level centres of education. While somewhere like the Dublin region has UCD, DCU, DIT, Trinity and many others the West has only UCG and GMIT. International organisations such as Intel, Dell and Microsoft have overlooked the region as a result of this factor.

There is also a smaller pool of unskilled workers. There is only one city in the area and very few towns with a population of over 5000 people. As a result the West's industrial sectors is mainly focused around Galway, the place with the largest and most skilled workforce. 60% of Roscommon's industry is based on food processing. Galway is more focused on high tec industries like computers, medical supplies and chemicals. 17% of GAlway's population are employed in the secondary sector.

The second factor that has held back development of secondary economic activities is the regions poor infrastructure. Traditionally the west has lagged behind other regions in this regard. The Western region does have air, rail, road and port access, mainly service in each of these areas when compared to somewhere like the Dublin region. Until recently the West had no strip of motorway. The M6 finally opened in 2010, linking Galway with Dublin. This allows for easier access of people, raw materials and finished products. There are proposals that more motorway will exist in this region. The western region has air access through both Galway and Knock airports. They both offer internal and limited international flights but both operate on a far smaller scale than Dublin airport.

Another proof that the West lags behind in infrastructural development is in relation to its light rail. While Dublin has had the Luas for many years now, Galway's 'Gluas' is still only in the proposal stage. This lack of development of a local transport network makes industrial development less likely. One of the most limiting aspects is the West's weak electrical grid. Even if power-hungry industries were willing to over look the lack of good transport, they would still be unable to set up in the region, due to limited supply of electricity. 

If the question asks for factors that have affected the development of industry, give both workforce and infrastructure but shorten both to suit (does not have to be a 50/50 balance)

Beware that other factors have affected the development of industry:

• smaller market
• distance from core regions, industry typically locates in core areas
• lack of political power - voice
• one good point is grants are available tax free/low tax incentives